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Xakamee dhaqdhaqaaqa nanoparticles bir oxide magnetic si loo beegsado gaarsiinta cytostatics
Qoraaga Toropova Y, Korolev D, Istomina M, Shulmeyster G, Petukhov A, Mishanin V, Gorshkov A, Podyacheva E, Gareev K, Bagrov A, Demidov O
Yana Toropova,1 Dmitry Korolev,1 Maria Istomina,1,2 Galina Shulmeyster,1 Alexey Petukhov,1,3 Vladimir Mishanin,1 Andrey Gorshkov,4 Ekaterina Podyacheva,1 Kamil Gareev,2 Alexei Bagrov,5 Oleg Demidov6,71Almazov Xarunta Cilmi-baarista ee Wasaaradda Caafimaadka ee Xiriirka Ruushka, St. Petersburg, 197341, Xiriirka Ruushka;2 St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, St. Petersburg, 197376, Federaalka Ruushka;3 Xarunta Daawada Shakhsi ahaaneed, Xarunta Cilmi-baarista Caafimaadka ee Almazov, Wasaaradda Caafimaadka ee Xiriirka Ruushka, St. Petersburg, 197341, Xiriirka Ruushka;4FSBI "Machadka Cilmi-baarista Hargabka oo lagu magacaabo AA Smorodintsev" Wasaaradda Caafimaadka ee Federaalka Ruushka, St. Petersburg, Federaalka Ruushka;5 Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology iyo Biochemistry, Akadeemiyada Sayniska ee Ruushka, St. Petersburg, Federaalka Ruushka;6 RAS Institute of Cytology, St. Petersburg, 194064, Federaalka Ruushka;7INSERM U1231, Kulliyadda Caafimaadka iyo Farmashiyaha, Jaamacadda Bourgogne-Franche Comté ee Dijon, Faransiiska Isgaarsiinta: Yana ToropovaAlmazov Xarunta Cilmi-baarista Caafimaadka Qaranka, Wasaaradda Caafimaadka ee Xiriirka Ruushka, Saint-Petersburg, 197341, Xiriirka Ruushka Tel +7 981 952648006 [email protected] Asalkii hore: Habka rajo-gelinta leh ee dhibaatada cytostatic toxicity waa isticmaalka nanoparticles magnetic (MNP) ee gaarsiinta daroogada la beegsaday.Ujeeddo: In la isticmaalo xisaabinta si loo go'aamiyo sifooyinka ugu wanaagsan ee goobta magnetic ee ka talisa MNPs in vivo, iyo in la qiimeeyo waxtarka gudbinta magnetron ee MNPs si loo isticmaalo burooyinka jiirka ee vitro iyo in vivo.(MNPs-ICG) ayaa la isticmaalaa.In vivo luminescence daraasaadka xoogga lagu sameeyay ayaa lagu sameeyay jiirarka burooyinka, oo leh iyo la'aan goob magnetic goobta xiisaha.Daraasadahaan waxaa lagu sameeyay qulqulka hydrodynamic ee uu sameeyay Machadka Daawada Tijaabada ee Xarunta Cilmi-baarista Caafimaadka ee Almazov ee Wasaaradda Caafimaadka ee Ruushka.Natiijada: Isticmaalka magnet-ka neodymium ayaa kor u qaaday ururinta xulashada ee MNP.Hal daqiiqo ka dib maamulka MNPs-ICG ee jiirarka buro-sida, MNPs-ICG waxay inta badan ku ururaan beerka.Maqnaanshaha iyo joogitaanka goobta magnetic, tani waxay muujinaysaa dariiqa dheef-shiid kiimikaadka.Inkasta oo kororka fluorescence ee burada lagu arkay joogitaanka goobta magnetic, xoojinta fluorescence ee beerka xayawaanku isma beddelin waqti ka dib.Gabagabo: Noocan ah MNP, oo lagu daray awoodda goobta magnetic la xisaabiyay, waxay noqon kartaa aasaaska horumarinta gudbinta magnetic cytostatic ee u gudbinta unugyada burooyinka.Erayada furaha: falanqaynta fluorescence, indocyanine, nanoparticles oxide birta, gudbinta magnetron ee cytostatics, bartilmaameedka burada
Cudurada buradu waa mid ka mid ah sababaha ugu waaweyn ee dhimashada adduunka.Isla mar ahaantaana, dhaqdhaqaaqyada sii kordhaya cudurrada iyo dhimashada cudurrada burooyinka ayaa weli jira.1 Dawaynta kiimikaad ee maanta la isticmaalo ayaa weli ah mid ka mid ah daawaynta ugu muhiimsan ee burooyinka kala duwan.Isla mar ahaantaana, horumarinta hababka lagu dhimayo sunta nidaamka ee cytostatics ayaa weli ku habboon.Habka ballan-qaadka ah ee lagu xallinayo dhibaatadeeda sunta ah waa in la isticmaalo sidayaal nano-qaadayaal ah si loo beegsado hababka gudbinta daroogada, taas oo bixin karta ururinta maxalli ah ee daroogooyinka unugyada burooyinka iyada oo aan kordhinayn ururadooda xubnaha iyo unugyada caafimaadka qaba.xooga saarid.Habkani waxa uu suurtogal ka dhigayaa in la wanaajiyo waxtarka iyo bartilmaameedka daawooyinka kiimikaad ee unugyada burooyinka, iyada oo la yareynayo sunta nidaamka.
Qaybaha kala duwan ee nanoparticles ee loo tixgeliyo gaarsiinta bartilmaameedka ah ee wakiilada cytostatic, nanoparticles magnetic (MNPs) ayaa xiiso gaar ah leh sababtoo ah kiimikooyinkooda gaarka ah, bayooloji, iyo magnetic, kuwaas oo hubiya kala duwanaanshahooda.Sidaa darteed, nanoparticles magnetic waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sidii nidaam kuleyl si loogu daaweeyo burooyinka leh hyperthermia (magnetic hyperthermia).Waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa sida wakiilada ogaanshaha (baadhista resonance magnetic).3-5 Isticmaalka sifooyinkaas, oo ay weheliso suurtogalnimada ururinta MNP ee aag gaar ah, iyada oo la adeegsanayo aagga magnetka dibadda, bixinta diyaarinta dawooyinka ee la beegsanayo waxay furaysaa abuurista nidaamka magnetron-ka badan si loo beegsado cytostatics goobta burooyinka. RajadaNidaamka noocan oo kale ah waxaa ku jiri doona MNP iyo dhul magnetic si loo xakameeyo dhaqdhaqaaqa jirkooda.Xaaladdan oo kale, labadaba magnetic fields dibadda iyo magnetic implants oo lagu dhejiyay aagga jirka ee ay ku jirto burada ayaa loo isticmaali karaa ilaha magnetic.Habka ugu horreeya wuxuu leeyahay cillado culus, oo ay ku jiraan baahida loo qabo in loo isticmaalo qalab gaar ah oo loogu talagalay bartilmaameedka magnetic iyo baahida loo qabo in loo tababaro shaqaalaha si ay u sameeyaan qalliin.Intaa waxaa dheer, habkani wuxuu ku xaddidan yahay kharashka sarreeya wuxuuna ku habboon yahay oo kaliya burooyinka "sare" ee u dhow dusha sare ee jirka.Habka kale ee loo isticmaalo implants magnetic wuxuu ballaariyaa baaxadda adeegsiga tignoolajiyadan, isagoo fududeynaya isticmaalkeeda burooyinka ku yaal qaybaha kala duwan ee jirka.Labada birlab ee shaqsiga ah iyo magnets-ka lagu dhex daray stent-ka intraluminal-ka ayaa loo isticmaali karaa sidii maqaar-galeyaal waxyeello u geysata xubnaha godan si loo hubiyo in ay jilicsan yihiin.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka loo eego cilmi-baadhisteenna aan la daabicin, kuwani maaha kuwo birlab ah oo ku filan si loo hubiyo ka sii haynta MNP ee qulqulka dhiigga.
Waxtarka qaadashada daawada magnetron waxay kuxirantahay arrimo badan: sifooyinka magnetic side laftiisa, iyo sifooyinka isha magnetic (oo ay ku jiraan cabbirada joomatari ee magnets joogtada ah iyo xoogga magnetic ay abuuraan).Horumarinta tignoolajiyada gudbinta unugyada xakamaynta ee lagu hagayo ee lagu guuleysto waa in ay ku lug yeelato horumarinta sidayaasha daawada magnetic nanoscale ee ku habboon, qiimeynta ammaankooda, iyo horumarinta nidaamka aragga ee u oggolaanaya la socodka dhaqdhaqaaqooda jirka.
Daraasaddan, waxaan xisaab ahaan u xisaabinay sifooyinka goobta magnetka ee ugu fiican si loo xakameeyo xambaarka daawada nano-magnetic ee jirka.Suurtagalnimada in MNP lagu sii hayo derbiga xididdada dhiigga iyada oo ay saameynayso goob birlab ah oo la dabaqay oo leh sifooyinkan xisaabinta ayaa sidoo kale lagu bartay xididdada dhiigga ee jiirka ee go'doonsan.Intaa waxa dheer, waxaanu diyaarinay isku-xidhayaasha MNP-yada iyo wakiilada fluorescent waxaana aanu samaynay hab-maamuuska muuqaalkooda gudaha vivo.Marka la eego xaaladaha vivo, jiirarka moodada burada, waxtarka ururinta MNP-yada ee unugyada burooyinka marka si nidaamsan loo maamulo iyadoo ay saamaysay goob birlabeed ah ayaa la darsay.
Daraasadda gudaha, waxaan u isticmaalnay tixraaca MNP, daraasadda gudaha, waxaan u isticmaalnay MNP oo lagu dahaadhay polyester-ka lactic acid (polylactic acid, PLA) oo ka kooban wakiilka fluorescent (indolecyanine; ICG).MNP-ICG waxay ku jirtaa kiiska, isticmaal (MNP-PLA-EDA-ICG).
Isku-dhafka iyo sifooyinka jirka iyo kiimikaad ee MNP ayaa si faahfaahsan loogu sharraxay meelo kale.7,8
Si loo soo saaro MNPs-ICG, PLA-ICG conjugates ayaa markii hore la soo saaray.Isku darka jinsiyada budada ah ee PLA-D iyo PLA-L oo leh miisaan kelli ah 60 kDa ayaa la isticmaalay.
Maaddaama PLA iyo ICG ay labaduba yihiin asiidh, si loo soo saaro isku-xidhayaasha PLA-ICG, marka hore waxay u baahan yihiin in lagu sameeyo spacer-ka amino-ka-soo-baxa ee PLA, kaas oo ka caawiya chemisorb ICG booska bannaan.Spacer-ka waxaa lagu farsameeyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo ethylene diamine (EDA), habka karbodiimide iyo karbodiimide-biyo-milmide, 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) karbodiimide (EDAC).Meesha PLA-EDA waxaa loo farsameeyay sida soo socota.Ku dar 20-jibbaaran molar dhaafka EDA iyo 20-laab ka-dhaafka molar molar ee EDAC ilaa 2 mL oo ah 0.1 g/mL PLA xal koloroform ah.Isku-dubaridka waxaa lagu sameeyay 15 mL tuubada tijaabada polypropylene ee ruxruxaha xawaare dhan 300 min-1 2 saacadood.Nidaamka isku-dhafka waxa lagu muujiyey Jaantuska 1. Ku celi isku-dhafka 200-laab xad-dhaaf ah reagents si aad u wanaajiso nidaamka isku-dhafka.
Dhammaadka isku-dhafka, xalku wuxuu ahaa centrifused xawaare ah 3000 min-1 5 daqiiqo si meesha looga saaro xad-dhaafka xad-dhaafka ah ee polyetylen.Kadibna, 2 mL oo ah 0.5 mg / mL ICG xalka dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) ayaa lagu daray xalka 2 mL.Kiciyeyaasha waxaa lagu hagaajiyaa xawaaraha walaaqaya ee 300 min-1 ilaa 2 saacadood.Jaantuska jaantuska isku xidhka la helay ayaa lagu muujiyay sawirka 2.
200 mg MNP, waxaan ku darnay 4 mL PLA-EDA-ICG conjugate.Isticmaal ruxruxiyaha LS-220 (LOIP, Russia) si aad ugu kiciso hakinta 30 daqiiqo inta jeer ee 300 min-1.Kadibna, waxaa lagu maydhay isopropanol saddex jeer waxaana lagu sammeeyay kala-soocidda magnetic.Isticmaal UZD-2 Ultrasonic Disperser (FSUE NII TVCH, Russia) si aad ugu darto IPA hakinta 5-10 daqiiqo iyadoo la raacayo ficil ultrasonic oo joogto ah.Ka dib markii saddexaad ee IPA dhaqidda, da'da waxaa lagu maydhay biyo nadiif ah oo dib loo celiyay saline physiological at fiirsashada 2 mg / mL.
Qalabka ZetaSizer Ultra (Malvern Instruments, UK) ayaa loo isticmaalay in lagu barto baaxadda qaybinta MNP ee la helay ee xalka biyaha.Mikroskoob elektaroonig ah (TEM) oo leh JEM-1400 STEM field emission cathode (JEOL, Japan) ayaa loo isticmaalay in lagu barto qaabka iyo cabbirka MNP.
Daraasaddan, waxaan isticmaalnaa magnets joogto ah cylindrical (darajada N35; oo leh daahan ilaalinta nikkel) iyo cabbirrada caadiga ah ee soo socda (dhererka dhidibka dheer × dhexroorka dhululubada): 0.5 × 2 mm, 2 × 2 mm, 3 × 2 mm iyo 5 × 2 mm.
Daraasada in vitro ee gaadiidka MNP ee nidaamka moodeelka ayaa lagu fuliyay qulqulka hydrodynamic ee uu sameeyay Machadka Daawada Tijaabada ee Xarunta Cilmi-baarista Caafimaadka ee Almazov ee Wasaaradda Caafimaadka ee Ruushka.Cabbirka dareeraha wareegaya (biyo la kariyey ama xal Krebs-Henseleit) waa 225 mL.Magnets cylindrical axially magnetized ayaa loo isticmaalaa sidii magnets joogto ah.Dhig birlabeedka kor-haye 1.5 mm u jira gidaarka gudaha ee tuubada dhalada dhexe, iyadoo dhamaadkeeduna u jeedo jihada tuubada (toos ah).Heerka socodka dareeraha ee wareegga xiran waa 60 L/h (oo u dhiganta xawaaraha tooska ah ee 0.225 m/s).Xalka Krebs-Henseleit waxaa loo isticmaalaa sidii dareere wareeg ah sababtoo ah waa analoogga balaasmaha.Isku-dhafka viscosity-ka firfircoon ee balaasmaha waa 1.1-1.3mPa∙s.9 Qadarka MNP ee lagu dhejiyay goobta magnetic waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa spectrophotometry laga bilaabo fiirsashada birta ee dareeraha wareegaya tijaabada ka dib.
Intaa waxaa dheer, daraasado tijaabo ah ayaa lagu sameeyay miiska makaanikada dareeraha ee la hagaajiyay si loo go'aamiyo qulqulka qaraabada ee xididdada dhiigga.Qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee taageerada hydrodynamic ayaa lagu muujiyay Jaantuska 3. Qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee stent hydrodynamic waa xadhig xiran oo u dhigma qaybta isku-tallaabta ee nidaamka xididdada qaabka iyo haanta kaydinta.Dhaqdhaqaaqa dareeraha moodeelka ee ku teedsan koontaroolka moduleka xididdada dhiigga waxaa bixiya bamka peristaltic.Inta lagu jiro tijaabada, ilaali uumiga iyo heerkulka loo baahan yahay, oo la soco cabirrada nidaamka (heerkulka, cadaadiska, heerka socodka dareeraha, iyo qiimaha pH).
Jaantuska 3 jaantuska xannibaadda ee habaynta loo isticmaalo in lagu barto joogteynta darbiga halbowlaha carotid.1-taangiga kaydinta, bamka 2-peristaltic, 3-farsamo loogu talagalay soo gelinta joojinta ka kooban MNP wareegga wareegga, 4-socodka mitir, 5-cadaadiska wareegga, 6-kuleylka, 7-qol oo weel leh, 8- isha ee goobta birlabeedka, 9- buufinta leh hydrocarbons.
Qolka uu ku jiro weelku wuxuu ka kooban yahay saddex weel: weel weyn oo dibadda ah iyo laba weel oo yaryar, oo ay soo maraan gacmaha wareegga dhexe.Cannula waxaa la geliya weelka yar, weelka waxaa lagu dhejiyaa weelka yar, iyo caarada cannula si adag ayaa loogu xidhay silig khafiif ah.Meesha u dhexeysa weelka weyn iyo weelka yar waxaa ka buuxa biyo nadiif ah, heerkulku si joogto ah ayuu u ahaanayaa iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay isku xirka kulaylka.Meesha ku jirta weelka yar waxaa ka buuxa xal Krebs-Henseleit si loo ilaaliyo jiritaanka unugyada xididdada dhiigga.Taangiga waxaa sidoo kale ka buuxsamay xalka Krebs-Henseleit.Habka sahayda gaaska (kaarboon) waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu soo saaro xalka weelka yar ee haanta kaydinta iyo qolka uu ku jiro weelka (Jaantuska 4).
Jaantuska 4 Qolka weelka la dhigo.1-Cannula oo hoos u dhiga xididdada dhiigga, 2-qol bannaanka, 3-qol yar.Falaadhtu waxay tilmaamaysaa jihada dareeraha moodeelka.
Si loo go'aamiyo tusaha qulqulka qaraabada ee derbiga markabka, halbowlaha carotid ee jiirka ayaa la isticmaalay.
Soo bandhigida joojinta MNP (0.5mL) ee nidaamka waxay leedahay sifooyinka soo socda: wadarta mugga gudaha ee taangiga iyo tuubada isku xirka wareegga waa 20ml, mugga gudaha ee qol kastaa waa 120ml.Isha magnetic dibadda waa magnet joogto ah oo leh cabbirka caadiga ah ee 2 × 3 mm.Waxaa lagu rakibay meel ka sarraysa mid ka mid ah qolalka yaryar, oo 1 cm u jira weelka, iyadoo hal cidhif ah uu u jeedo derbiga weelka.Heerkulka waxaa lagu hayaa 37°C.Awoodda bamka rullaluistu waxay u dhigantaa 50%, taas oo u dhiganta xawaaraha 17 cm/s.Xakameyn ahaan, muunado ayaa lagu qaaday unug aan lahayn magnet joogto ah.
Hal saac ka dib markii la maamulay fiirsashada MNP, muunad dareere ah ayaa laga soo qaaday qolka.U fiirsashada walxaha waxaa lagu cabiray spectrophotometer iyadoo la adeegsanayo Unico 2802S UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Alaabada Midaysan & Qalabka, USA).Iyadoo la tixgelinayo nuugista spectrum ee hakinta MNP, cabbirka waxaa lagu sameeyay 450 nm.
Marka loo eego tilmaamaha Rus-LASA-FELASA, dhammaan xayawaanka waxaa lagu koray oo lagu koray tas-hiilaadyo gaar ah oo aan cudur-sidaha lahayn.Daraasadani waxay u hoggaansantaa dhammaan xeerarka anshaxa ee khuseeya tijaabooyinka xayawaanka iyo cilmi-baarista, waxayna ka heshay oggolaansho anshaxeed Xarunta Cilmi-baarista Caafimaadka Qaranka ee Almazov (IACUC).Xayawaanku waxay cabbeen biyaha ad libitum waxayna si joogto ah u quudin jireen.
Daraasada waxaa lagu sameeyay 10 jir la suuxiyay 12-usbuuc jir ragga difaaca jirka ah ee NSG jiirarka (NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/Szj, Jackson Laboratory, USA) 10, oo miisaankeedu yahay 22 g ± 10%.Maadaama difaaca jiirarka difaaca jirka la xakameeyey, jiirarka difaaca jirka ee khadkaan ayaa u oggolaanaya in la beddelo unugyada iyo unugyada bini'aadamka iyada oo aan la diidin tallaalka.Qaybaha qashin-qubka ee qafisyada kala duwan ayaa si aan kala sooc lahayn loogu qoondeeyay kooxda tijaabada ah, waxayna ahaayeen kuwo la isku daray ama si nidaamsan loo soo bandhigay gogosha kooxaha kale si loo hubiyo in si siman loo soo bandhigo microbiota caadiga ah.
Khadka unugga kansarka ee HeLa waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu dhiso qaabka xenograft.Unugyada waxaa lagu beeray DMEM oo ay ku jiraan glutamine (PanEco, Russia), oo lagu kabay 10% serum bovine bovine (Hyclone, USA), 100 CFU/mL penicillin, iyo 100 μg/mL streptomycin.Khadka gacanta waxaa si naxariis leh u bixiyay Shaybaarka Xeerarka Tilmaamaha Gene ee Machadka Cilmi-baarista Unug ee Akadeemiyada Sayniska ee Ruushka.Kahor duritaanka ka hor, unugyada HeLa waxaa laga saaray caaga dhaqanka 1:1 trypsin: Versene xal (Biolot, Russia).Ka dib markii la dhaqay, unugyada ayaa la hakiyey dhexdhexaad ah oo dhamaystiran ilaa fiirsashada 5 × 106 unug kasta 200 μL, waxaana lagu qasi jiray matrix xuubka hoose (LDEV-FREE, MATRIGEL® CORNING®) (1: 1, barafka).Ka joojinta unugga ee diyaarsan ayaa si hoose loogu duray maqaarka bowdada jiirka.Isticmaal calipers si aad ula socoto koritaanka burada 3dii maalmoodba mar.
Markii ay buradu gaartay 500 mm3, magnet joogto ah ayaa lagu dhejiyay unugyada muruqa ee xayawaanka tijaabada ah ee u dhow burada.Kooxda tijaabada ah (MNPs-ICG + tumour-M), 0.1 mL ee hakinta MNP ayaa la duray oo la saaray goob birlab ah.Xayawaankoo dhan oo aan la daawayn ayaa loo adeegsaday kontorool ahaan.Intaa waxaa dheer, xayawaanka lagu duray 0.1 mL ee MNP laakiin aan lagu dhejin magnets (MNPs-ICG + tumor-BM) ayaa la isticmaalay.
Aragtida fluorescence ee muunadaha vivo iyo in vitro ayaa lagu sameeyay IVIS Lumina LT taxane III bioimager (PerkinElmer Inc., USA).Aragtida in vitro, mugga 1 mL ee synthetic PLA-EDA-ICG iyo MNP-PLA-EDA-ICG conjugate ayaa lagu daray ceelasha saxanka.Iyadoo la tixgelinayo sifooyinka fluorescence ee dheeha ICG, shaandhada ugu fiican ee loo isticmaalo si loo go'aamiyo xoogga iftiinka ee muunadda ayaa la doortaa: dhererka hirarka ugu sarreeya waa 745 nm, dhererka hirarka qiiqa waa 815 nm.Sawirka Live 4.5.5 software (PerkinElmer Inc.) ayaa loo adeegsaday in lagu cabbiro xoogga dhaadheer ee ceelasha ay ku jiraan isku-xidhka.
Xoogagga fluorescence iyo ururinta isku-xidhka MNP-PLA-EDA-ICG ayaa lagu cabbiray jiirarka qaabka burada, iyada oo aan la joogin iyo codsiga goob birlabeed ah goobta xiisaha.Jiirarka ayaa lagu suuxiyay isoflurane, ka dibna 0.1 mL ee isku xidhka MNP-PLA-EDA-ICG ayaa lagu duray xididka dabada.Jiirarka aan la daawayn ayaa loo adeegsaday xakamayn taban si loo helo asalka fluorescent.Ka dib marka la maamulo xididada xididada isku xidha, dhig neefka heerka kulaylka (37°C) qolka IVIS Lumina LT series III fluorescence imager (PerkinElmer Inc.) iyadoo la ilaalinayo neefsashada 2% isoflurane suuxdin.Isticmaal shaandhada ku dhex jirta ICG (745-815 nm) si aad u ogaato calaamadaha 1 daqiiqo iyo 15 daqiiqo ka dib soo bandhigida MNP.
Si loo qiimeeyo isu-ururinta konjugate ee burada, aagga peritoneal ee xayawaanka ayaa lagu daboolay warqad, taas oo suurtogal ka dhigtay in la baabi'iyo iftiinka dhalaalaya ee la xidhiidha ururinta qaybaha beerka.Ka dib markii la daraaseeyay qaybinta noole ee MNP-PLA-EDA-ICG, xayawaanku si bini'aadannimo leh ayaa looga nafiyay xad-dhaafka suuxinta isoflurane ee kala-soocida xiga ee aagagga burooyinka iyo qiimeynta qiyaasta shucaaca fluorescence.Adeegso Living Image 4.5.5 software (PerkinElmer Inc.) si aad gacanta ugu socodsiiso falanqaynta ishaarada ee gobolka la doortay.Saddex cabbir ayaa loo qaaday xayawaan kasta (n = 9).
Daraasaddan, kuma aynaan qiyaasin rarista guusha ee ICG ee MNPs-ICG.Intaa waxaa dheer, ma aan is barbardhigin waxtarka xajinta ee nanoparticles ee hoos yimaada saameynta magnets joogto ah ee qaabab kala duwan.Intaa waxaa dheer, ma aanaan qiimeynin saameynta muddada dheer ee magnetic field ee ku haynta nanoparticles ee unugyada burooyinka.
Nanoparticles ayaa xukuma, oo leh cabbir celcelis ahaan 195.4 nm.Intaa waxaa dheer, ka joojinta waxaa ku jira agglomerates leh celcelis ahaan cabbirka 1176.0 nm (Jaantuska 5A).Ka dib, qaybta waxaa lagu sifeeyay shaandhada centrifugal.Awoodda zeta ee qaybaha waa -15.69 mV (Jaantuska 5B).
Jaantuska 5 Tilmaamaha jireed ee hakinta: (A) qaybinta cabbirka walxaha;(B) qaybinta walxaha ee awoodda zeta;(C) Sawirka TEM ee nanoparticles.
Cabbirka walxaha asal ahaan waa 200 nm (Jaantuska 5C), oo ka kooban hal MNP oo cabbirkiisu yahay 20 nm, iyo PLA-EDA-ICG qolof dabiici ah oo isku xidhan oo leh cufnaanta elektarooniga hoose.Samaynta agglomerates ee xalalka aqueous waxaa lagu sharxi karaa modules yar ee xoogga korantada ee nanoparticles shaqsiyeed.
Magnets-ka joogtada ah, marka magnetization-ku uu ku urursan yahay mugga V, muujinta isku dhafan ayaa loo qaybiyaa laba qaybood, kuwaas oo ah mugga iyo dusha sare:
Xaaladda muunad leh magnetization joogto ah, cufnaanta hadda waa eber.Kadibna, muujinta vector induction magnetic waxay qaadan doontaa qaabkan soo socda:
U isticmaal barnaamijka MATLAB (MathWorks, Inc., USA) xisaabinta nambarada, ETU “LETI” lambarka shatiga akadeemiyada 40502181.
Sida ku cad Jaantuska 7 Jaantuska 8 Jaantuska 9 Jaantuska-10, goobta birlabeedka ugu xooga badan waxa soo saara birlab ku jihaysan xagal laga soo bilaabo dhamaadka dhululubada.Raadiyaha wax ku oolka ah ee ficilku wuxuu u dhigmaa joomatari ee magnetka.Magnets cylindrical leh dhululubo dhererkiisu ka weyn yahay dhexroorkiisa, goobta magnetic ugu xoogga badan waxaa lagu arkay jihada axial-radial (ee qaybta u dhiganta);Sidaa darteed, lammaane dhululubo leh oo leh cabbir ka weyn (dhexroor iyo dherer) xayeysiinta MNP ayaa ah tan ugu waxtarka badan.
Jaantuska 7 Qaybta magnetic induction intensity Bz oo ay weheliyaan dhidibka Oz ee magnetka;cabbirka caadiga ah ee magnet: line madow 0.5 × 2mm, line buluug 2 × 2mm, line cagaaran 3 × 2mm, line cas 5 × 2mm.
Jaantuska 8 Qaybta induction magnetic Br waxay ku qotontaa dhidibka magnet Oz;cabbirka caadiga ah ee magnet: line madow 0.5 × 2mm, line buluug 2 × 2mm, line cagaaran 3 × 2mm, line cas 5 × 2mm.
Jaantuska 9 Qaybta magnetic induction intensity Bz ee fogaanta r ​​ee dhidibka dhamaadka magnetka (z=0);cabbirka caadiga ah ee magnet: line madow 0.5 × 2mm, line buluug 2 × 2mm, line cagaaran 3 × 2mm, line cas 5 × 2mm.
Jaantuska 10 Qaybta kicinta magnetic ee jihada shucaaca;size magnet caadiga ah: line madow 0.5 × 2mm, line buluug 2 × 2mm, line cagaaran 3 × 2mm, line cas 5 × 2mm.
Moodooyinka hydrodynamic ee gaarka ah ayaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu barto habka gaarsiinta MNP ee unugyada burooyinka, xooga saara nanoparticles aagga bartilmaameedka, iyo go'aaminta dabeecadda nanoparticles ee hoos yimaada xaaladaha hydrodynamic ee habka wareegga dhiigga.Magnets joogto ah ayaa loo isticmaali karaa sidii dhul-magnetic dibadda ah.Haddii aan iska indhatirno isdhexgalka magnetostatic ee u dhexeeya nanoparticles oo aan tixgelineynin qaabka dareeraha magnetic, waa ku filan in la qiyaaso isdhexgalka ka dhexeeya magnet iyo hal nanoparticle oo leh qiyaasta dipole-dipole.
Meesha m ay tahay xilliga magnetic ee magnetka, r waa radius vector ee barta uu nanoparticle ku yaal, iyo k waa qodobka nidaamka.Qiyaasta dipole, goobta magnetku waxay leedahay qaabayn la mid ah (Jaantuska 11).
Goob magnetic lebbisan, nanoparticles-yadu waxay ku wareegaan oo keliya xadadka xoogga.Goob birlab ah oo aan labis ahayn, xoog ayaa ku shaqeysa:
Aaway ka-soo-saarkii jihaynta l.Intaa waxaa dheer, xooggu wuxuu jiidayaa nanoparticles meelaha aan sinnayn ee garoonka, taas oo ah, qalooca iyo cufnaanta xadhkaha xoogga korodhka.
Sidaa darteed, waa suurad wacan in la isticmaalo magnet ku filan oo xooggan (ama silsilad magnet) oo leh anisotropy axial cad oo aagga ay ku yaalaan qaybaha.
Jadwalka 1 wuxuu muujinayaa awoodda hal magnet-ka ah sida ilo ku filan oo magnet ah si loo qabto looguna hayo MNP sariirta xididdada dhiigga ee goobta codsiga.