Maaddaama walxo cusub oo kaarboon shaqaynaysa, garaafyada la balaariyay (EG) waa walxo dabacsan oo dalool ah oo u eg dirxiga laga helay jajabyada garaafyada dabiiciga ah iyada oo la dhexgelinayo, dhaqid, qalajin iyo balaadhin heerkul sare ah.Marka lagu daro sifooyinka wanaagsan ee garaafyada dabiiciga ah sida iska caabbinta qabow iyo kulaylka, caabbinta daxalka iyo is-saliimaynta, EG sidoo kale waxay leedahay sifooyinka jilicsanaanta, adkaysiga cadaadiska, adsorption, isuduwidda deegaanka iyo deegaanka, biocompatibility iyo caabbinta shucaaca ee garaafiga dabiiciga ah ma laha. leeyihiin.Horaantii horraantii 1860-aadkii, Brodie waxa uu daah-furay garaafyada la balaariyay isaga oo ku kululeynaya garaafka dabiiciga ah oo leh reagen kiimikaad sida sulfuric acid iyo nitric acid.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, codsigeedu wuxuu bilaabmay boqol sano ka dib.Tan iyo markaas, dalal badan ayaa si isdaba joog ah u fuliyay cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta garaafyada la ballaariyay waxayna sameeyeen horumarro cilmiyeed oo waaweyn.

Garaafyada la balaariyay waxay si dhakhso ah u ballaarin kartaa 150 ~ 300 jeer mugga heerkul sare, oo ka beddelma jilicsanaan ilaa vermicular, taasoo keentay qaab dhismeedka dabacsan, daloolin iyo qaloocsan, aagga dusha sare ee la ballaariyay, tamarta dusha sare leh, kor u qaadida garaafka flake, iyo is-chimerism inta u dhaxaysa graphite vermicular, kaas oo kordhiya dabacsanaantiisa, adkaysigiisa iyo caagagga.
Dhowr jihooyin horumarineed ee garaafyada la balaariyay waa sida soo socota:

1. Garaafka la balaariyay ujeedooyin gaar ah
Tijaabooyinku waxay muujinayaan in gooryaanka graphite uu leeyahay shaqada nuuga hirarka korantada, taas oo ka dhigaysa graphite la balaariyay inay leeyihiin qiime sare oo codsi ciidan ah.Milateriga Maraykanka iyo ciidamadayaguba waxay sameeyeen cilmi-baaris tijaabo ah oo ku saabsan goobtan.Garaafiga la balaariyay waa inuu buuxiyaa shuruudaha soo socda: (1) heerkulka hore ee fidinta hoose iyo mugga ballaarinta weyn;(2) Hantida kiimikaadku waa mid deggan, heerka fidinta asal ahaan ma qudhunto 5 sano oo kaydinta ka dib;(3) Dusha garaafka la balaariyay waa dhexdhexaad mana lahan wax daxal ah kiiska kartoonada.

2. Garaafka balaariyay ee granular
Qayb-yar-yar oo garaafka fidsan ayaa inta badan loola jeedaa 300-ujeeddo garaafeed la ballaarin karo oo leh mugga ballaarinta 100ml/g.Alaabtan waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa daaha-dahaarka ololka, dalabkeeduna waa weyn yahay.

3. Garaafka fidsan oo leh heerkul sare oo fidinta bilowga ah
Heerkulka balaadhinta bilowga ah ee garaafka balaariyay ee heerkulkiisu sarreeyo waa 290-300 ℃, mugga ballaadhintuna waa ≥ 230ml/g.Garaafyada la balaariyay ee noocaan ah waxaa inta badan loo adeegsadaa ololka caagagga injineernimada iyo caagga.Alaabtan waxaa si guul leh u soo saartay Jaamacadda Beeraha ee Hebei waxayna codsatay shati qaran.

4. Garaafyada dusha wax laga beddelay
Marka garaafyada la balaadhiyo loo isticmaalo sidii walxo ololaya, waxay ku lug leedahay milanka garaafka iyo qaybaha kale.Sababtoo ah heerka sare ee macdanta dusha sare ee garaafka, ma aha lipophilic ama hydrophilic.Sidaa darteed, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la beddelo dusha sare ee garaafka si loo xalliyo dhibaatada iswaafajinta u dhexeeya graphite iyo qaybaha kale.Dadka qaar ayaa soo jeediyay in la caddeeyo dusha sare ee garaafka, taas oo ah, in lagu daboolo dusha sare ee graphite filim cad oo adag.Tani waa dhibaato adag in la xalliyo.Waxay ku lug leedahay kiimikada xuubka ama kiimiko dusha sare, kaas oo laga yaabo in lagu gaaro shaybaarka.Waxaa jira dhibaatooyin xagga warshadaha.Noocan garaafka cad ee la fidin karo ayaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa daahan ololka celinaya.

5. Heerkulka fidinta bilawga hooseeya iyo heerkul hoose oo balaariyay garaafka
Garaafyada la balaariyay ee noocaan ah wuxuu bilaabmaa inuu ballaariyo 80-150 ℃, mugga ballaarintiisana wuxuu gaarayaa 250ml/g at 600 ℃.Dhibaatooyinka diyaarinta garaafyada la fidin karo ee buuxinta shuruudahan waxay ku jiraan: (1) xulashada wakiilka isdhexgalka ee habboon;(2) Xakamee oo maamul xaaladaha qalajinta;(3) Go'aaminta qoyaanka;(4) Xalka dhibaatooyinka ilaalinta deegaanka.Waqtigan xaadirka ah, diyaarinta garaafyada heerkulka hooseeya ee la ballaarin karo ayaa wali ku jira marxaladda tijaabada.